Why would someone put their money in a CD instead of other investments?
Unlike most other investments, CDs offer fixed, safe—and generally federally insured—interest rates that can often be higher than the rates paid by many bank accounts. And CD rates are generally higher if you're willing to sock your money away for longer periods.
CDs are appealing for many reasons: they're relatively safe investments, offer stellar APYs, and come in a variety of different term lengths.
Compared to savings accounts or money market accounts, CDs potentially can offer higher interest rates on deposits. That's because you agree to keep your money in the CD for a set time period. The interest rate and APY you earn depends on the bank, the CD term and the current interest rate environment.
The biggest risk to CD accounts is usually an interest-rate risk, as federal rate cuts could lead banks to pay out less to savers. 7 Bank failure is also a risk, though this is a rarity.
Stocks have an average return of about 10% per year, which is well ahead of current CD rates (generally 5% to 5.5%). Because CDs offer fixed interest rates, they're better for short-term financial goals where you don't want any risk of losing money.
Are CDs safe if the market crashes? Putting your money in a CD doesn't involve putting your money in the stock market. Instead, it's in a financial institution, like a bank or credit union. So, in the event of a market crash, your CD account will not be impacted or lose value.
You could lose out on growth
The nice thing about CDs is that you don't risk losing out on principal the same way you do by investing your money. But instead, you face another risk -- not meeting your financial goals in the long run due to limiting your money's growth.
Inflation erodes the purchasing power of your money over time, and if your CD's interest rate isn't keeping up with inflation, you're essentially losing money. For example, if your CD earns a 2% annualized return but inflation is running at 3%, you're actually losing 1% of your purchasing power every year.
The biggest disadvantage of investing in CDs is that, unlike a traditional savings account, CDs aren't flexible. Once you decide on the term of the CD, whether it's six months or 18 months, it can't be changed after the account is funded.
Standard CDs are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) for up to $250,000, so they cannot lose money. However, some CDs that are not FDIC-insured may carry greater risk, and there may be risks that come from rising inflation or interest rates.
Can you get rich off CD accounts?
Investing in CDs won't provide the long-term returns that you'll get from a diversified investment portfolio, and factors like taxes, inflation, and early withdrawal penalties can reduce the benefit of the higher interest rate they provide.
While that amount will be different for everyone, you should keep a few things in mind. First, a minimum amount is usually required. Most CDs have a minimum deposit between $500 and $2,500, though some can be lower or higher than this range.
CDs are generally safe investments. These accounts offer fixed, predictable returns that aren't affected by financial markets or the state of the economy once you lock in your rate. Moreover, CDs usually come with FDIC or NCUA insurance for up to $250,000 per depositor, per account.
Bottom Line. CDs can be a safe way to earn a little interest on your savings over a set period of time. But don't put more money in CDs than you can afford to lose access to for the length of the CD's term. Once your money is in a CD, you generally can't touch it without penalty until it matures.
The bottom line
If you put $20,000 into a 3-year CD, you could earn more than $3,000 in interest by the end of the term, depending on the interest rate you get. And, a CD is safe and secure thanks to the insurance it comes with.
But the recent regional banking turmoil may have you concerned about your investment in case of a bank failure. CDs are treated by the FDIC like other bank accounts and will be insured up to $250,000 if the bank is a member of the agency.
So you'll typically see lower rates for deposit accounts, including savings accounts, CD accounts and money market accounts, during a recession. That's a disadvantage if you're hoping to grow your money at a great rate. Rates drops are more common in the early stages of a recession.
Treasury bills can be a good choice for those looking for a low-risk, fixed-rate investment that doesn't require setting money aside for as long as a CD might call for. However, you still run the risk of losing out on higher rates and returns if the market is on the upswing while your money is locked in.
That said, here's how much you could expect to make by depositing $20,000 into a one-year CD now, broken down by four readily available interest rates (interest compounding annually): At 6.00%: $1,200 (for a total of $21,200 after one year) At 5.75%: $1,150 (for a total of $21,150 after one year)
It is important to keep in mind that while CD ladders are a great way to take advantage of high-interest rates, they're not considered a long-term investment strategy. For goals like retirement savings, a Roth IRA or a 401(k) that invests in equities in the stock market are the best choices.
Is a CD better than a 401k?
Retirement accounts like 401(k)s and IRAs offer tax advantages and potentially higher returns in the long run. Early withdrawal penalties can minimize returns. Taking money out of a CD early can result in hefty fees. The penalty depends on the account terms but could equal more than a year's worth of interest.
No investment is 100% safe from a default, not even certificates of deposit. Stay diversified and keep up with sound financial habits.
Traditionally, in your typical ladder, five-year CDs have a higher yield than one-year CDs. But these days, you're likely to see a CD with a term of around six months to 18 months will likely have the highest yield in your ladder.
If a CD is sold on the secondary market at a lower value than its face value, it will have lost money. But there are no losses if the CD is kept until maturity.
The biggest risk to CD accounts is usually an interest-rate risk, as federal rate cuts could lead banks to pay out less to savers.
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