How much should you have in your stock portfolio?
If you wish moderate growth, keep 60% of your portfolio in stocks and 40% in cash and bonds. Finally, adopt a conservative approach, and if you want to preserve your capital rather than earn higher returns, then invest no more than 50% in stocks.
Stock allocations by age
Investors in their 20s, 30s and 40s all maintain about a 41% allocation of U.S. stocks and 9% allocation of international stocks in their financial portfolios. Investors in their 50s and 60s keep between 35% and 39% of their portfolio assets in U.S. stocks and about 8% in international stocks.
Assuming you do go down the road of picking individual stocks, you'll also want to make sure you hold enough of them so as not to concentrate too much of your wealth in any one company or industry. Usually this means holding somewhere between 20 and 30 stocks unless your portfolio is very small.
The research by three U.S. finance professors led by University of Arizona professor Scott Cederberg comes to the surprising conclusion that a portfolio holding 100% stocks and no bonds is best, even for people already in retirement.
Reinvest Your Payments
The truth is that most investors won't have the money to generate $1,000 per month in dividends; not at first, anyway. Even if you find a market-beating series of investments that average 3% annual yield, you would still need $400,000 in up-front capital to hit your targets. And that's okay.
The common rule of asset allocation by age is that you should hold a percentage of stocks that is equal to 100 minus your age. So if you're 40, you should hold 60% of your portfolio in stocks. Since life expectancy is growing, changing that rule to 110 minus your age or 120 minus your age may be more appropriate.
There are no set ages to get into or to get out of the stock market. While older clients may want to reduce their investing risk as they age, this doesn't necessarily mean they should be totally out of the stock market.
Among the 45 stocks Berkshire Hathaway holds, the top 10 represent about 87% of the company's holdings. Here's a rundown of Buffett's 10 largest holdings based on Berkshire Hathaway's most recent 13F filing, filed Feb. 14, 2024.
Portfolio allocation
There's one very good reason to avoid risk initially. With a $10,000 portfolio it's impossible to diversify adequately. While you should aim to have 10-15 stocks eventually, it's too many for now.
A diversified portfolio should have a broad mix of investments. For years, many financial advisors recommended building a 60/40 portfolio, allocating 60% of capital to stocks and 40% to fixed-income investments such as bonds. Meanwhile, others have argued for more stock exposure, especially for younger investors.
Is investing $100 in stocks worth it?
Stocks are probably the most powerful wealth-building tool the average person can buy. However, it can be really hard to pick the winners, and if you're only investing $100 (or even less) at a time, it might not be worth the time and effort to choose individual stocks. This is where stock index funds come in.
“Most research suggests the right number of stocks to hold in a diversified portfolio is 25 to 30 companies,” adds Jonathan Thomas, private wealth advisor at LVW Advisors. “Owning significantly fewer is considered speculation and any more is over-diversification.
Typically people are advised to diversify their portfolio of stocks by investing in 20–30 companies. Doing this limits the downside risk should certain companies perform badly. Some people invest in 50 stocks while others invest in 5.
Discount Rate | Present Value | Future Value |
---|---|---|
6% | $1,000 | $3,207.14 |
7% | $1,000 | $3,869.68 |
8% | $1,000 | $4,660.96 |
9% | $1,000 | $5,604.41 |
According to our calculations, a $1000 investment made in February 2014 would be worth $5,971.20, or a gain of 497.12%, as of February 5, 2024, and this return excludes dividends but includes price increases. Compare this to the S&P 500's rally of 178.17% and gold's return of 55.50% over the same time frame.
Rate of return | 10 years | 30 years |
---|---|---|
4% | $72,000 | $336,500 |
6% | $79,000 | $474,300 |
8% | $86,900 | $679,700 |
10% | $95,600 | $987,000 |
The three-fund portfolio consists of a total stock market index fund, a total international stock index fund, and a total bond market fund. Asset allocation between those three funds is up to the investor based on their age and risk tolerance.
The 120-age investment rule states that a healthy investing approach means subtracting your age from 120 and using the result as the percentage of your investment dollars in stocks and other equity investments.
The common rule of asset allocation by age is that you should hold a percentage of stocks that is equal to 100 minus your age. So if you're 40, you should hold 60% of your portfolio in stocks. Since life expectancy is growing, changing that rule to 110 minus your age or 120 minus your age may be more appropriate.
It's never too late to get started. The good news for investors in their 40s is that while your time horizon may be shrinking, there's still plenty of time to make up lost ground if you're an investing late bloomer.
Can I lose my 401k if the market crashes?
The odds are the value of your retirement savings may decline if the market crashes. While this doesn't mean you should never invest, you should be patient with the market and make long-term decisions that can withstand time and market fluctuation.
The buyer could be another investor or a market maker. Market makers can take the opposite side of a trade to provide liquidity for stocks that are listed on major exchanges.
Ticker | Company | % Portfolio |
---|---|---|
MSFT | Microsoft Corp. | 33.98% |
BRK.B | Berkshire Hathaway Inc. | 16.80% |
CNI | Canadian National Railway Co. | 16.29% |
WM | Waste Management Inc. | 14.92% |
Although old-guard favorites such as American Express (AXP) and Coca-Cola (KO) still form the core of the portfolio, Buffett & Co. have taken a shine to names such as Apple (AAPL) and Amazon.com (AMZN), and even to lesser-known firms such as Snowflake (SNOW) and Nu Holdings (NU).
Dividend Stock | Current Dividend Yield* | Analysts' Implied Upside* |
---|---|---|
Procter & Gamble Co. (PG) | 2.4% | 15.4% |
Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) | 3.1% | 25.3% |
Merck & Co. Inc. (MRK) | 2.4% | 10.6% |
Chevron Corp. (CVX) | 4% | 30.8% |
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